1. Rule of Thirds

The rule of thirds is a fundamental principle in photography composition. Imagine dividing your frame into a 3x3 grid with two horizontal and two vertical lines. The key is to position your subject’s eyes along these lines or at their intersections. Placing the eyes in the top third of the photo often works well. If your subject is looking away, leave space for them to gaze into. Remember, the eyes are the windows to the soul, so make them a focal point.

2. Shallow Depth of Field

When your background is busy or distracting, use a shallow depth of field. This technique keeps your subject sharp while blurring the background. Achieve this by using a wide aperture (small f-stop number) on your camera. Portrait lenses with apertures like f/1.4 to f/3.5 work best. By doing so, you draw attention to your subject and create a pleasing separation from the surroundings.

3. Leading Lines

Leading lines guide the viewer’s eye toward your subject. Look for natural lines in your environment—railings, pathways, or architectural elements—that lead to your model. These lines create depth and add interest to your composition. Experiment with different angles to find the most compelling lines.

4. Filling the Frame

Fill the frame with your subject. Get close and emphasize their features. Whether it’s a captivating expression, striking eyes, or unique textures, filling the frame creates intimacy and draws viewers in. Don’t be afraid to crop tightly around your subject.

5. Framing Within a Frame

Use framing within a frame to add depth and context. Think of doorways, windows, or natural elements like tree branches. Position your subject within these frames to create layers and intrigue. It’s like telling a story within a story.

6. Leaving Space

Leaving space in front of your subject allows them to “breathe” within the frame. If your model is looking in a particular direction, leave room for them to gaze into. This adds a sense of anticipation and curiosity.

Remember, these rules are not rigid; they’re guidelines. Feel free to experiment, break them, and find your unique style. The key is to practice and observe how different compositions impact your portraits. Happy shooting!